Appendix B: Available Benefit and Cost Data
The tables below present the number of benefits references and system costs examples currently available in the ITS Benefits and Costs Databases for each of the technology application areas discussed in this report. The tables demonstrate that there is still a need for further research into the effects of many of the various types of applications within these categories. For example, while there are numerous evaluation reports in the database covering arterial management systems, parking management and traffic control techniques for special events are two areas that would benefit from further study. Totals by category presented in the tables do not always equal the sum of those reported in the body of this report. A number of reports in the database discuss evaluations of larger systems, which include several ITS applications, appearing several times in the totals. However, the evaluation findings appear in the body of the report within the application area most directly responsible for the impact cited. For example, an evaluation of an arterial management system providing data to a traveler information system would appear in both categories below, but only within the traveler information section in the body of the report.
As indicated in the tables, examples of system cost data are available in each of the intelligent infrastructure application areas. However, system cost data are still needed for a few of the ITS application areas such as lane management strategies, transit security, emergency management, and intermodal freight. Examples of system cost data are not prevalent in the intelligent vehicle application areas. This lack of cost data can be attributed to the fact that many intelligent vehicle applications are still in the research and prototype phases. Cost data in many cases, if available, are based on estimates and/or market analysis of the public's willingness to pay for a specific feature. Also, some of these features are available as factory-installed options, as standard items included in the base cost of a vehicle, or as a component of an upgrade package.
Summary of Benefits References and System Cost Data (as of September 30, 2004)
| Technology Application Areas | Number of Benefits References | System Cost Data Available |
|---|---|---|
| Arterial Management Systems | ||
| Traffic Surveillance | 3 |  |
| Traffic Control: Transit Signal Priority | 16 | |
| Traffic Control: Emergency Vehicle Preemption | 4 | |
| Traffic Control: Adaptive Signal Control | 17 | |
| Traffic Control: Advanced Signal Systems | 17 | |
| Traffic Control: Variable Speed Limits | 0 |  |
| Traffic Control: Bicycle and Pedestrian | 2 | |
| Traffic Control: Special Events | 1 | |
| Lane Management | 0 | |
| Parking Management | 1 | |
| Information Dissemination: Dynamic Message Signs | 4 | |
| Information Dissemination: In-Vehicle Systems | 0 | |
| Information Dissemination: Highway Advisory Radio | 1 | |
| Enforcement: Speed Enforcement | 5 | |
| Enforcement: Stop/Yield Enforcement | 12 | |
| Freeway Management Systems | ||
| Traffic Surveillance | 9 | |
| Ramp Control | 14 | |
| Lane Management | 4 | |
| Special Event Transportation Management | 0 | |
| Information Dissemination: Dynamic Message Signs | 19 | |
| Information Dissemination: In-Vehicle Systems | 0 | |
| Information Dissemination: Highway Advisory Radio | 5 | |
| Enforcement | 10 | |
| Transit Management Systems | ||
| Safety and Security | 1 | |
| Transportation Demand Management: Ride Sharing/Matching | 0 | |
| Transportation Demand Management: Dynamic Routing/Scheduling | 4 | |
| Transportation Demand Management: Service Coordination | 1 | |
| Fleet Management: AVL/CAD | 13 | |
| Fleet Management: Maintenance | 1 | |
| Fleet Management: Planning | 0 | |
| Information Dissemination: In-Vehicle Systems | 2 | |
| Information Dissemination: In-Terminal/Wayside | 4 | |
| Information Dissemination: Internet/Wireless/Phone | 2 | |
| Incident Management Systems | ||
| Surveillance and Detection | 17 | |
| Mobilization and Response | 14 | |
| Information Dissemination | 8 | |
| Clearance and Recovery | 1 | |
| Emergency Management Systems | ||
| Hazardous Materials Management | 2 | |
| Emergency Medical Services: Advanced ACN | 1 | |
| Emergency Medical Services: Telemedicine | 1 | |
| Response and Recovery | 1 | |
| Electronic Payment Systems | ||
| Toll Collection | 10 | |
| Transit Fare Payment | 6 | |
| Parking Fee Payment | 0 | |
| Multi-use Payment | 1 | |
| Traveler Information | ||
| Pre-Trip Information | 33 | |
| En-Route Information | 11 | |
| Tourism and Events | 3 | |
| Information Management | ||
| Data Archiving | 1 | |
| Crash Prevention and Safety | ||
| Road Geometry Warning Systems: Ramp Rollover | 3 | |
| Road Geometry Warning Systems: Curve Speed Warning | 1 | |
| Road Geometry Warning Systems: Downhill Speed Warning | 3 | |
| Road Geometry Warning Systems: Overheight/Overwidth Warning | 0 | |
| Highway-Rail Crossing Systems | 4 | |
| Intersection Collision Warning | 1 | |
| Pedestrian Safety | 0 | |
| Bicycle Warning Systems | 0 | |
| Animal Warning Systems | 0 | |
| Roadway Operations and Maintenance | ||
| Information Dissemination | 3 | |
| Asset Management | 1 | |
| Work Zone Management | 7 | |
| Road Weather Management | ||
| Surveillance, Monitoring, and Prediction | 10 | |
| Information Dissemination | 8 | |
| Traffic Control | 7 | |
| Response and Treatment | 6 | |
| Commercial Vehicle Operations | ||
| Credentials Administration: Electronic Funds | 2 | |
| Credentials Administration: Electronic Registration/Permitting | 10 | |
| Safety Assurance: Safety Information Exchange | 4 | |
| Safety Assurance: Automated Inspection | 2 | |
| Electronic Screening: Safety Screening | 4 | |
| Electronic Screening: Border Clearance | 4 | |
| Electronic Screening: Weight Screening | 6 | |
| Electronic Screening: Credential Checking | 4 | |
| Carrier Operations and Fleet Management: AVL/CAD | 4 | |
| Carrier Operations and Fleet Management: On-Board Monitoring | 3 | |
| Carrier Operations and Fleet Management: Traveler Information | 3 | |
| Security Operations | 0 | |
| Intermodal Freight | ||
| Freight Tracking | 1 | |
| Asset Tracking | 1 | |
| Freight Terminal Processes | 1 | |
| Drayage Operations | 1 | |
| Freight Highway Connector System | 0 | |
| International Border Crossing Process | 0 | |
| Technology Application Areas | Number of Benefits References | System Cost Data Available |
|---|---|---|
| Collision Avoidance Systems | ||
| Intersection Collision Warning | 0 | |
| Obstacle Detection | 2 | |
| Lane Change Assistance | 2 | |
| Lane Departure Warning | 0 | |
| Rollover Warning | 0 | |
| Road Departure Warning | 2 | |
| Forward Collision Warning | 3 | |
| Rear Impact Warning | 0 | |
| Driver Assistance Systems | ||
| Navigation/Route Guidance | 9 | |
| Driver Communication | 2 | |
| Vision Enhancement | 0 | |
| Object Detection | 0 | |
| Adaptive Cruise Control | 5 | |
| Intelligent Speed Control | 2 | |
| Lane-Keeping Assistance | 1 | |
| Roll Stability Control | 0 | |
| Drowsy Driver Warning System | 0 | |
| Precision Docking | 0 | |
| Coupling/Decoupling | 1 | |
| On-Board Monitoring | 2 | |
| Collision Notification Systems | ||
| Mayday/ACN | 1 | |
| Advanced ACN | 1 | |