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The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) provides high-quality information to serve Government, industry, and the public in a manner that promotes public understanding. Standards and policies are used to ensure and maximize the quality, objectivity, utility, and integrity of its information. FHWA periodically reviews quality issues and adjusts its programs and processes to ensure continuous quality improvement.
Technical Report Documentation Page
1. Report No.
FHWA-HOP-05-026
FHWA-JPO-09-012
|
2. Government Accession No. |
3. Recipient’s Catalog No. |
4. Title and Subtitle
Road Weather Information System Environmental Sensor Station Siting Guidelines, Version 2.0 |
5. Report Date
November 2008 |
| 6. Performing Organization Code |
7. Author(s)
John Manfredi, Thomas Walters, Gregory Wilke, Leon Osborne (Meridian Environmental Technology Inc., Grand Forks, ND), Robert Hart (Meridian Environmental Technology Inc., Grand Forks, ND), Tom Incrocci, Tom Schmitt (T&S Diversified Inc., Glendale, AZ), V. Kyle Garrett (Mixon/Hill, Inc.), Brenda Boyce (Mixon/Hill, Inc.),
Dan Krechmer (Cambridge Systematics, Inc.) |
8. Performing Organization Report No. |
9. Performing Organization Name and Address
Science Applications International Corporation 7990 Science Applications Court; M/S: CV-48 Vienna, VA 22182
1. Meridian Environmental Technology Inc., Grand Forks, ND
2. T&S Diversified Inc., Glendale, AZ
3. Mixon/Hill, Inc.
4. Cambridge Systematics, Inc.
|
10. Work Unit No. |
11. Contract or Grant No.
DTFH61-01-C-00180 |
12. Sponsoring Agency Name and Address
Federal Highway Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation
Office of Transportation Operations, Road Weather Management Program
1200 New Jersey Avenue
Washington, DC 20590
|
13. Type of Report and Period Covered
November 2003 – November 2008 |
14. Sponsoring Agency Code
|
15. Supplementary Notes
Original work was performed by SAIC, Meridian, and T&S. Updated by Mixon/Hill and Cambridge Systematics, Inc. COTM is Roemer Alfelor. |
16. Abstract
FHWA initiated an effort in 2007 to evaluate and update, as necessary the ESS Guidelines first published in 2004 (FHWA-HOP-05-026). This effort is summarized in a companion report “Implementation and Evaluation of RWIS ESS Siting Guidelines”. The consensus of the project was that the original Guidelines covered most of the major issues in the siting of ESS and provided the necessary information in a concise manner. The major change made to this version of the Guidelines involved an update to the metadata table that was included in the original report. Since the original Guidelines were developed a major effort was conducted as part of the Clarus project to define a standard set of metadata for ESS. An expanded metadata table was thus included in the Guidelines showing Clarus metadata in three categories; required, recommended and optional. Other than the modification to the metadata table, most of the additions were limited, and designed to highlight areas of concern noted by DOT’s with ESS experience. The feedback from most of the DOT’s interviewed was positive and they expressed an interest in using the document for future deployments. Several noted that they would require their contractors to use it.
|
17. Key Words
Environmental sensor stations (ESS), meteorological instruments, pavement sensors, road weather data, road weather information system (RWIS), sensor siting |
18. Distribution Statement
No restriction. |
19. Security Classif. (of this report)
Unclassified |
20. Security Classif. (of this page)
Unclassified |
21. No of Pages
83 |
22. Price
|
Form DOT F 1700.7 (8-72) Reproduction of completed pages authorized
Metric Conversion Factors
(International System of Units)
| APPROXIMATE CONVERSIONS TO SI
UNITS |
| SYMBOL |
WHEN YOU KNOW |
MULTIPLY BY |
TO FIND |
SYMBOL |
| LENGTH |
| in |
inches |
25.4 |
millimeters |
mm |
| ft |
feet |
0.305 |
meters |
m |
| yd |
yards |
0.914 |
meters |
m |
| mi |
miles |
1.61 |
kilometers |
km |
| AREA |
| in2 |
square
inches |
645.2 |
square
millimeters |
mm2 |
| ft2 |
square
feet |
0.093 |
square
meters |
m2 |
| yd2 |
square
yard |
0.836 |
square
meters |
m2 |
| ac |
acres |
0.405 |
hectares |
ha |
| mi2 |
square
miles |
2.59 |
square
kilometers |
km2 |
| VOLUME |
| fl oz |
fluid
ounces |
29.57 |
milliliters |
mL |
| gal |
gallons |
3.785 |
liters |
L |
| ft3 |
cubic
feet |
0.028 |
cubic
meters |
m3 |
| yd3 |
cubic
yards |
0.765 |
cubic
meters |
m3 |
NOTE: volumes greater than 1000 L shall
be shown in m3 |
| MASS |
| oz |
ounces |
28.35 |
grams |
g |
| lb |
pounds |
0.454 |
kilograms |
kg |
| T |
short tons
(2000 lb) |
0.907 |
megagrams
(or "metric ton") |
Mg (or
"t") |
| TEMPERATURE
(exact degrees) |
| oF |
Fahrenheit |
5 (F-32)/9
or (F-32)/1.8 |
Celsius |
oC |
| ILLUMINATION |
| fc |
foot-candles |
10.76 |
lux |
lx |
| fl |
foot-Lamberts |
3.426 |
candela/m2 |
cd/m2 |
| FORCE and PRESSURE or STRESS |
| lbf |
poundforce |
4.45 |
newtons |
N |
| lbf/in2 |
poundforce
per square inch |
6.89 |
kilopascals |
kPa |
| APPROXIMATE CONVERSIONS FROM SI
UNITS |
| SYMBOL |
WHEN
YOU KNOW |
MULTIPLY BY |
TO
FIND |
SYMBOL |
| LENGTH |
| mm |
millimeters |
0.039 |
inches |
in |
| m |
meters |
3.28 |
feet |
ft |
| m |
meters |
1.09 |
yards |
yd |
| km |
kilometers |
0.621 |
miles |
mi |
| AREA |
| mm2 |
square
millimeters |
0.0016 |
square
inches |
in2 |
| m2 |
square
meters |
10.764 |
square
feet |
ft2 |
| m2 |
square
meters |
1.195 |
square
yards |
yd2 |
| ha |
hectares |
2.47 |
acres |
ac |
| km2 |
square
kilometers |
0.386 |
square
miles |
mi2 |
| VOLUME |
| mL |
milliliters |
0.034 |
fluid
ounces |
fl oz |
| L |
liters |
0.264 |
gallons |
gal |
| m3 |
cubic
meters |
35.314 |
cubic
feet |
ft3 |
| m3 |
cubic
meters |
1.307 |
cubic
yards |
yd3 |
| MASS |
| g |
grams |
0.035 |
ounces |
oz |
| kg |
kilograms |
2.202 |
pounds |
lb |
| Mg (or "t") |
megagrams
(or "metric ton") |
1.103 |
short
tons (2000 lb) |
T |
TEMPERATURE (exact degrees) |
| oC |
Celsius |
1.8C+32 |
Fahrenheit |
oF |
| ILLUMINATION |
| lx |
lux |
0.0929 |
foot-candles |
fc |
| cd/m2 |
candela/m2 |
0.2919 |
foot-Lamberts |
fl |
| FORCE and PRESSURE or STRESS |
| N |
newtons |
0.225 |
poundforce |
lbf |
| kPa |
kilopascals |
0.145 |
poundforce per square inch |
lbf/in2 |